| DebianÃüÁî×ܽá [message #223884] |
So, 16 Juli 2006 06:06 |
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°²×°DebianʱÐèÒª¾µÏñ¹Ù·½Èí¼þ°ü£¬/etc/apt/sources.listÎļþ¿ÉÒ ÔµÃµ½Ïà¹ØÕ¾µã£º
deb http://debian.cn99.com/debian stable main contrib non-free
deb http://debian.cn99.com/debian-non-US stable/non-US main contrib non-free
deb http://debian.cn99.com/debian-security stable/updates main contrib non-gree
deb-src http://debian.cn99.com/debian stable main contrib non-free
deb-src http://debian.cn99.com/debian-non-US stable/non-US main contrib
non-free
ÿÐеĵÚÒ»¸öµ¥´Êdeb»òdeb-src£¬ÃèÊöÁËÎļþÀàÐÍ£¬Ä¿Â¼Öаüº¬µÄÊÇ ¶þ½øÖÆÈí¼þ°ü£¨deb£©£¬¼´ÎÒÃÇͨ³£Ê¹ÓõÄÒѱàÒëºÃµÄÈí¼þ°ü£»»ò°üº ¬µÄÊÇ°üÔ´Â루deb-src£©£¬Ô´Âë°ü°üº¬Ô´³ÌÐò±àÂë¡¢Debian¹ÜÀíÎļþ £¨.dsc£©ºÍ¡°Debian»¯¡±¸Ã³ÌÐòËù×ö¸ü¸ÄµÄ¼Ç¼Îļþdiff.gz¡£
Èç¹û°²×°¸ö±ðÈí¼þ°üÒªÓõ½aptºÍdpkgÁ½¸öÃüÁî¡£
apt
APT£¨the Advanced Packaging Tool£©ÊÇDebianÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀíϵͳµÄ¸ß¼¶½çÃ棬Óɼ¸¸öÃû×ÖÒÔ¡°apt-¡± ´òÍ·µÄ³ÌÐò×é³É¡£apt-get¡¢apt-cache¡¢apt-cdrom ,apt-configÊÇ´¦ÀíÈí¼þ°üµÄÃüÁîÐй¤¾ß£¬ËüÃÇÒ²ÊÇÆäËüÓû§Ç°Ì¨³ÌÐ òµÄºó¶Ë£¬ÈçdselectºÍaptitude¡£
apt-get update ´Ó /etc/apt/source.list ÖÐÔ´µÄ¸üÐÂÈí¼þ°üÁбí
apt-cache search search-string ÃèÊöÈç search-string µÄÈí¼þ°ü
apt-cache policy package-name ÏÔʾÈí¼þ°üµÄ°æ±¾ºÍÓÅÏȼ¶
apt-cache show package-name ÏÔʾÎļþµÄÃèÊöÐÅÏ¢
apt-cache showpkg package-name ÏÔʾÈí¼þ°üµÄÒÀÀµ¹Øϵ
apt-get install package-name ´ÓÔ´°²×°Èí¼þ°ü¼°ÆäËùÓÐÒÀÀµ°ü
apt-get upgrade ½«µ±Ç°°²×°µÄÈí¼þ°ü¸üе½×îÐÂ
ÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½ÓÐЩ°ü±»×èÖ¹¸üУ¨kept back£©
apt-get dist-upgrade
Èç apt-get upgrade, »á×Ô¶¯½â¾ö³åÍ»
apt-get remove package-names ɾ³ýÈí¼þ°ü, ¼°ÆäËùÓÐÒÀÀµËüµÄ
apt-get --purge remove ³¹µ×ɾ³ýÕâЩ°ü¼°ÆäÅäÖÃÎļþ
apt-get --purge remove gnome-panel nautilus+
ÔÚɾ³ýÈí¼þ°üʱ£¬Èç¹ûÄãÔÚÈí¼þ°üÃû×ÖºóÃæ½ô¸úÒ»¸ö¡°+¡±£¬ÄÇô¸ÃÈ í¼þ°ü¾Í»á±»°²×°¶ø²»ÊÇɾ³ý¡£
apt-cache depends package-names ÁгöÖ¸¶¨°üµÄËùÓÐÒÀÀµ°ü
apt-cache rdepends package-namesÁгöÒÀÀµÓÚ¸ø¶¨°üµÄËùÓÐÈí¼þ°ü
apt-file upgrade ´ÓÔ´¸üÐÂÄÚÈÝÁбí
apt-file search file-name ²éÕÒ°üº¬ÎļþµÄÈí¼þ°ü
apt-file search package-name ÁгöÈí¼þ°üµÄÄÚÈÝ
auto-apt
Èç¹ûÐèÒª¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯°²×°Èí¼þ°ü, ¿ÉÒÔÌæ´ú apt-file, ÐèÒª°²×° auto-apt.
aptitude APT µÄ¿ØÖÆ̨½Ó¿Ú, ÐèÒª°²×° aptitude
synaptic APTµÄGUI½Ó¿Ú, ÐèÒª°²×°synaptic
apt-get clean
ɾ³ý±£´æÔÚ»º´æĿ¼ÏÂ(/var/cache/apt/archives)µÄ±»ÏÂÔصÄÈí¼þ° ü¡£
½«É¾³ý/var/cache/apt/archivesĿ¼ºÍ/var/cache/apt/archives/p artialĿ¼ÏµÄËùÓÐÎļþ£¬³ýÁ˱»Ëø¶¨µÄÎļþ¡£Ôٴΰ²×°Ä³¸öÈí¼þ°ü ʱ£¬APT½«ÖØÐÂÏÂÔØËü¡£
apt-get autoclean ½öɾ³ýÄÇЩ²»ÐèÒªÔÙ´ÎÏÂÔصÄÎļþ¡£
ÔÚdselectÖÐÑ¡ºÃÁËÈí¼þ°üºó£¬ÔËÐУº
apt-get -u dselect-upgrade
±È½Ïͬapt-get dist-upgradeʱµÄÇéÐÎ
¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½ÔÚÇ°ÀýÖÐÐí¶àÈí¼þ°ü±»°²×°ÊÇÆäËüÈí¼þ°ü¡°ÍƼö¡±»ò¡°½¨Òé ¡±µÄ½á¹û¡£ÁíÍâһЩÈí¼þ°ü±»°²×°»òɾ³ýͨ¹ýdselect¹¤¾ß×÷³öµÄ¾ö¶ ¨¡£Óɴ˿ɼûdselectÓëAPT½áºÏÆðÀ´½«ÊÇÒ»¸ö¹¦ÄÜÇ¿´óµÄ¹¤¾ß¡£
apt-get --reinstall install gdm Èí¼þ°üµÄÐÞ¸´
apt-get check ´ÓĬÈÏ·þÎñÆ÷ÏÂÔØÈí¼þ°üÊý¾Ý¿â
apt-get upgrade package_nameÉý¼¶Ö¸¶¨µÄÈí¼þ°ü£¬²¢Éý¼¶ÆäÒÀÀµµÄÈí¼þ°üapt-cache showpkg package_nameÏÔʾÈí¼þ°üµÄһЩ³£¹æÐÅÏ¢apt-cache statsÏÔʾÏà¹ØµÄͳ¼ÆÐÅÏ¢
apt-cache dump ÏÔʾ»º´æÖеÄÿ¸öÈí¼þ°ü¼òÒªÃèÊöÐÅÏ¢
apt-cache unmet ÏÔʾ²»·ûºÏÒ»ÖÂÐÔµÄÒÀÀµ¹Øϵ¡£
apt-cache show ÏÔʾָ¶¨Èí¼þ°üµÄ¼Ç¼ÐÅÏ¢£¬ÀàËÆÓÚrpm -qi
apt-cache search ²éÕÒÈí¼þ°ü
apt-cache depends ÏÔʾÈí¼þ°üµÄÒÀÀµÐÔ¹Øϵ¡£
apt-cache pkgnames ÁгöËùÓеÄÈí¼þ°ü
apt-config apt-config dump ÏÔʾĿǰµÄÅäÖÃÐÅÏ¢¡£
apt-get install nessus-server ×Ô¶¯ÏÂÔØ°²×°ÒÀÀµ°ü
apt-get source package_name ÏÂÔØÈí¼þ°üµÄsource rpm
dpkg
ËüÊDzÙ×÷Èí¼þ°üÎļþµÄÖ÷Òª¹¤¾ß£»
dpkgÓɼ¸¸öÔʼµÄ¸¨Öú³ÌÐòÑÝ»¯¶øÀ´¡£
¡¤dpkg-deb£º²Ù×÷.debÎļþ¡£dpkg-deb(1)
¡¤dpkg-ftp£ºÒ»¸ö¾ÉµÄÈí¼þ°ü»ñÈ¡ÃüÁî¡£dpkg-ftp(1)
¡¤dpkg-mountable£ºÒ»¸ö¾ÉµÄÈí¼þ°ü»ñÈ¡ÃüÁî¡£dpkg-mountable(1)
¡¤dpkg-split£º½«´óÈí¼þ°ü·Ö¸î³ÉС°ü¡£dpkg-split(1)
dpkg -l ÁгöÈí¼þ°ü
dpkg -I pkg.deb ÏÔʾÈí¼þ°üÏà¹ØÐÅÏ¢
dpkg -c pkg.deb ÁгöÈí¼þ°üµÄÄÚÈÝ
dpkg -S filename ÏÔʾÄĸö°ü°üº¬Õâ¸öÎļþ
dpkg -i pkg.deb °²×°Èí¼þ°ü
deborphan ÏÔʾûÓб»ÒÀÀµ(¹Â¶ù)µÄÈí¼þ°ü, ÐèÒª°²×°deborphan
debsums Éó¼Æ°²×°µÄÈí¼þ±¨, ÐèÒª°²×°debsums
dpkg-divert file ÖØдһ¸öÈí¼þ°üµÄ°æ±¾
dpkg --compare-versions v1 gt v2 ±È½Ï°æ±¾, Óà echo $? ¼ì²é
dpkg-query -W --showformat=format ²éѯÒÑ°²×°Èí¼þ°ü, ¸ñʽ ÀýÈç'$ $ $ '.
dpkg --get-selections ½«Ñ¡ÔñµÄÈí¼þ°üдÈëÒ»¸öÎļþ
dpkg --set-selection ´ÓÎļþ¶ÁÈ¡Èí¼þ°üÑ¡Ôñ
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