Sprinkler Systems
Uhaul move
Lawn care
Roses and trees
Ford Parts
Chrysler Parts
Lake Powell
New IPod Touch Apps
New IPhone Apps
IPhone Apps
IPad Information
IPad Apps
Android APPS
Android Games APPS
Android Systems
Android Tablets APPS and Beyond
Smartphone Apps
Smartphone Games Apps Repair and Tools
Tablet PC
Car Sharing Car Leasing
Tabler Pc
Fly Fishing
Toyota Cars
Vacation Rentals
Stock market
NYSE
SSE Stock
Freight & Shipping News
Gluten
Lactose
Gout
My Coupon Life
Campgrounds Check
Outdoor
Kitchen Design and Redoo
Bath Remodeling
Palm Springs
Las Vegas Vacation Tipps
Lake Powell Boating
Homes for lease
Electric and green Car Blog
Pearls and diamonds
Whatsapp and forget SMS Blog, What is Whatsapp App
Renovation Blog
Condo for rent or lease
Solar Panel Solar Energie Sun Power Blog
Truck for Sale
Reconstruction Blog
|
Culture & Politics » soc.culture.china » Mind over matter. Finally a reality.
| Mind over matter. Finally a reality. [message #224920] |
Do, 13 Juli 2006 20:53 |
|
Well, with an implant.
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/13/science/13brain.html?_r=1& amp;oref=slogin
---------------------
Paralyzed Man Uses Thoughts to Move a Cursor
By ANDREW POLLACK
Published: July 13, 2006
A paralyzed man with a small sensor implanted in his brain was able to
control a computer, a television set and a robot using only his
thoughts, scientists reported yesterday.
Those results offer hope that in the future, people with spinal cord
injuries, Lou Gehrig's disease or other conditions that impair
movement may be able to communicate or better control their world.
"If your brain can do it, we can tap into it," said John P.
Donoghue, a professor of neuroscience at Brown University who has led
development of the system and was the senior author of a report on it
being published in today's issue of the journal Nature.
In a variety of experiments, the first person to receive the implant,
Matthew Nagle, moved a cursor, opened e-mail, played a simple video
game called Pong and drew a crude circle on the screen. He could change
the channel or volume on a television set, move a robot arm somewhat,
and open and close a prosthetic hand.
Although his cursor control was sometimes wobbly, the basic movements
were not hard to learn.
"I pretty much had that mastered in four days," Mr. Nagle, 26, said
in a telephone interview from the New England Sinai Hospital and
Rehabilitation Center in Stoughton, Mass. He said the implant did not
cause any pain.
Mr. Nagle, a former high school football star in Weymouth, Mass., was
paralyzed below the shoulders after being stabbed in the neck during a
melee at a beach in July 2001. He said he had not been involved in
starting the brawl and did not even know what had sparked it. The man
who stabbed him is now serving 10 years in prison, he said.
Implants like the one he received had previously worked in monkeys.
There have also been some tests of a simpler sensor implant in people,
as well as systems using electrodes outside the scalp. And Mr. Nagle
has talked before about his experience.
But the paper in Nature is the first peer-reviewed publication of an
experiment in people with a more sophisticated implant, able to monitor
many more brain neurons than earlier devices. The paper helps "shift
the notion of such 'implantable neuromotor prosthetics' from
science fiction towards reality," Stephen H. Scott, professor of
anatomy and cell biology at Queen's University in Ontario, wrote in a
commentary in the journal.
The sensor measures 4 millimeters by 4 millimeters - less than a
fifth of an inch long and wide - and contains 100 tiny electrodes.
The device was implanted in the area of Mr. Nagle's motor cortex
responsible for arm movement and was connected to a pedestal that
protruded from the top of his skull.
When the device was to be used, technicians plugged a cable connected
to a computer into the pedestal. So Mr. Nagle was directly wired to a
computer, somewhat like a character in the "Matrix" movies.
Mr. Nagle would then imagine moving his arm to hit various targets. The
implanted sensor eavesdropped on the electrical signals emitted by
neurons in his motor cortex as they controlled the imaginary arm
movement.
Obstacles must be overcome, though, before brain implants become
practical. For one thing, the electrodes' ability to detect brain
signals begins to deteriorate after several months, for reasons not
fully understood. In addition, the implant would ideally transmit
signals wirelessly out of the brain, doing away with the permanent hole
in the head and the accompanying risk of infection. Further, the
testing involving Mr. Nagle required recalibration of the system each
day, a task that took technicians about half an hour.
Still, scientists said the study was particularly important because it
showed that the neurons in Mr. Nagle's motor cortex were still active
years after they had last had a role to play in moving his arms.
The implant system, known as the BrainGate, is being developed by
Cyberkinetics Neurotechnology Systems Inc. of Foxborough, Mass. The
company is now testing the system in three other people, who remain
anonymous: one with a spinal cord injury, one with Lou Gehrig's
disease and one who had a brain stem stroke.
Timothy R. Surgenor, president and chief executive, said Cyberkinetics
hoped to have an implant approved for marketing as early as 2008 or
2009. Dr. Donoghue, the chief developer, is co-founder and chief
scientist of Cyberkinetics. Some of the paper's other authors work at
the company, while still others are from academic or medical
institutions including Massachusetts General Hospital.
[...]
---------------------
|
|
|
Gehe zu:
aktuelle Zeit: So Mai 27 18:09:16 CEST 2012
Insgesamt benötigte Zeit, um die Seite zu erzeugen: 0,02297 Sekunden |
